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Why do Spanish speakers say “¡Salud!” after a sneeze?

When someone sneezes, Spanish speakers say “¡Salud!” (“Health”), much like “Bless you” in English.

Before you read

In Spanish, when someone sneezes, people say «¡Salud!». This text explains what a sneeze is and how fast it is. It also tells a well-known story about where the custom comes from.

Key words: estornudanarizcostumbrepeste

A2 · Mexican Spanish: ¿Por qué decimos «¡Salud!»?

Why do we say “¡Salud!”?

Tap a word. Hold and slide to select a phrase.

¡Achú! Alguien estornuda y todos dicen: «¡Salud!». En inglés dicen «Bless you». ¿De dónde viene esta costumbre?

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Achoo. Someone sneezes, and everyone says “¡Salud!” In English, people say “Bless you.” Where does this custom come from?

Primero, ¿qué es un estornudo? Es un reflejo: el cuerpo saca aire de los pulmones, sobre todo por la nariz. Pasa cuando algo nos molesta dentro de la nariz, como el polvo, la pimienta o el polen. A veces también pasa con una luz muy fuerte.

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First, what is a sneeze? It’s a reflex: the body pushes air out of the lungs, mostly through the nose. It happens when something bothers us inside the nose, like dust, pepper, or pollen. Sometimes a very bright light does it too.

Un estornudo es muy rápido. Primero tomamos unos dos litros y medio de aire. Después, el aire sale por la nariz a entre 60 y 160 kilómetros por hora. Y es muy difícil estornudar con los ojos abiertos.

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A sneeze is very fast. First we breathe in about two and a half liters of air. Then the air leaves the nose at 60 to 160 kilometers per hour. And it’s very hard to sneeze with your eyes open.

¿Y el «¡Salud!»? Según una historia muy conocida, la costumbre empezó hacia el año 590, cuando había peste en Europa. Un estornudo podía ser señal de la enfermedad, y la palabra funcionaba como una pequeña oración. Con el tiempo, se convirtió en una forma de ser amable.

Show English

And the “¡Salud!”? According to a well-known story, the custom started around the year 590, when there was plague in Europe. A sneeze could be a sign of the disease, and the word worked like a small prayer. Over time, it became a way of being polite.

Cada país tiene sus ideas. En Japón, por ejemplo, si estornudas, es que alguien está hablando de ti.

Show English

Every country has its own ideas. In Japan, for example, if you sneeze, it means someone is talking about you.

Source: Spanish Wikipedia, “Estornudo” (CC BY-SA 4.0; facts only, our own wording). How we make our texts.
Published: · Text and voice prepared with AI and checked automatically.

Words from the text 15
estornuda
sneezes
costumbre
custom
reflejo
reflex
pulmones
lungs
nariz
nose
molesta
bothers, irritates
polvo
dust
pimienta
pepper
fuerte
strong; for a light, bright
rápido
fast
abiertos
open
peste
plague
señal
sign
oración
prayer
amable
kind, polite

Check yourself

  1. How does the air of a sneeze mostly leave the body?

    • Through the nose
    • Through the ears
    • Only through the mouth
    Show the answer

    Answer: Through the nose

    The text says «el cuerpo saca aire de los pulmones, sobre todo por la nariz» (the body pushes air out of the lungs, mostly through the nose).

  2. How fast can the air of a sneeze leave the nose?

    • 6 to 16 kilometers per hour
    • 60 to 160 kilometers per hour
    • More than 500 kilometers per hour
    Show the answer

    Answer: 60 to 160 kilometers per hour

    The text says «el aire sale por la nariz a entre 60 y 160 kilómetros por hora» (the air leaves the nose at 60 to 160 kilometers per hour).

  3. According to a well-known story, when did people start saying «¡Salud!»?

    • When the first doctors came to Mexico
    • In the 1900s, in Japan
    • Around the year 590, during a plague in Europe
    Show the answer

    Answer: Around the year 590, during a plague in Europe

    The text says «la costumbre empezó hacia el año 590, cuando había peste en Europa» (the custom started around the year 590, when there was plague in Europe).

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